Boosting peroxidase-like activity of single-atom nanozymes via sulfur-doped Fe–N–C sites for rapid rhodamine B degradation at neutral pH

to generate hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) under near-neutral conditions (pH 6.5), achieving over 96% RhB degradation within 15 min. The system demonstrated robust performance in real water samples (tap water: 84.57% degradation efficiency; Lijiang River water: 71.37% degradation efficiency) and maintained stability across a broad pH range (5.0-7.0). This sulfur doping approach provides an effective strategy to engineer SAzymes for neutral pH wastewater treatment and is particularly suitable for textile industries generating alkaline dye effluents (pH 6-8).