萧条(经济学)
肠-脑轴
益生菌
微生物群
下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴
心理学
抑郁症状
环境富集
医学
临床试验
肠道菌群
神经科学
生物信息学
内科学
生物
认知
免疫学
激素
细菌
遗传学
经济
宏观经济学
作者
Daniel Freimer,Tony T. Yang,Tiffany C. Ho,Olga Tymofiyeva,Cherry Y. Leung
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100541
摘要
Stress-associated disruptions in the development of frontolimbic regions may play a critical role in the emergence of adolescent-onset depression. These regions are particularly sensitive to Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis signaling. The HPA axis is hyperactive in adolescent depression, and interventions that attenuate such hyperactivity hold promise as potential treatments. The Microbiome-Gut-Brain (MGB) axis is an important pathway through which stress dysregulates HPA-axis activity and thus exerts deleterious effects on the adolescent brain. Probiotic agents, which alter the gut microbiota composition by introducing bacterial strains with beneficial physiological effects, normalize aberrant HPA-axis activity and reduce depressive symptoms in both animal studies and adult clinical trials. While the potential utility of such agents in treating or preventing adolescent depression remains largely unexplored, recent data suggest the existence of an adolescent sensitive window during which probiotics may be especially efficacious in reducing depressive symptoms compared to effects observed in adult populations. In this review, we outline evidence that probiotic use may attenuate stress effects on frontolimbic development, providing a novel means of improving depressive symptoms among adolescent populations.
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