流动电池
氧化还原
钒
电解质
膜
稳健性(进化)
材料科学
电导率
微观结构
化学工程
化学
纳米技术
生化工程
电极
工程类
复合材料
冶金
生物化学
物理化学
基因
作者
Craig A. Machado,Gerald O. Brown,Ruidong Yang,Thomas S. Hopkins,Julia Pribyl,Thomas H. Epps
出处
期刊:ACS energy letters
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2020-12-14
卷期号:6 (1): 158-176
被引量:72
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsenergylett.0c02205
摘要
Membranes are a critical component of redox flow batteries (RFBs), and their major purpose is to keep the redox-active species in the two half cells separate and allow the passage of charge-balancing ions. Despite significant performance enhancements in RFB membranes, further developments are still needed that holistically consider conductivity, selectivity, stability, sustainability, and cost. In this Focus Review, structure–property relationships that have led to advances in membranes for various RFB types (vanadium, zinc, iron, etc.) are analyzed. First, two strategies to increase conductivity are highlighted: tuning membrane microstructure and controlling electrolyte uptake. Next, selectivity improvements through size and/or Donnan exclusion are reviewed. With respect to stability, methods to enhance the mechanical robustness of membranes and factors that affect chemical stability are discussed. Additionally, avenues to reduce battery cost and increase sustainability are explored. Future directions are suggested, which include how more in-depth theoretical studies, microstructure optimization, and enhanced characterization will push the field of RFB membranes forward.
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