Fabrication of electrochemical sensor based on electrochemically co-deposited Ru-Co bimetallic nanoparticles on glassy carbon electrode: an analytical measurement tool for monitoring of hydrazine in water samples

Development of electrochemical sensors could offer a powerful solution for environmental monitoring and may overcome many limitations existing in current methods of analysis. In this study, a simple, facile and green electrodeposition method was employed for the design of a high-performance electrochemical sensor based on ruthenium and cobalt bimetallic nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode (Ru-Co/GCE) for hydrazine detection. The electrochemical properties of the sensor were explored using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The morphology and elemental composition of the proposed electrode were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The proposed sensor exhibited excellent selectivity, stability and reproducible electrocatalytic response towards hydrazine oxidation. Excellent linearity over a wide concentration range of 0.0025–9.55 mM with very low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.00025 mM. Ru-Co/GCE sensor was successfully applied for the detection of hydrazine in different water samples.