IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY FROM THE ECOLOGICAL STANDPOINT AND SOME DIVERSITY INDEXES

Species diversity is determined as Alpha or Beta level. Other levels of diversity come up to different scales of the Alpha and Beta diversity. Alpha diversity is calculated intra-medium, while Beta diversity is calculated inter-medium. Physiographic and edaphically factors affect species diversity significantly. For this reason, It is necessary that species diversity must be contacted with Physiographic and edaphically factors, which is an argument in ecology. When applied for species diversity expression instead of an ecosystem expression, a lot of alive groups such as plants, animals, insects, soil microorganism are mentioned. For this reason, to determine species diversity as qualitative and quantitative is an investigation combined by the disciplines such as botanic, entomology, zoology altogether. But Ecology intends to investigate relationships between this diversity dates and site factors. In this way, underlying areas in protection, areas having rich species diversity as potential, changes in species diversity with time and effects of different factors on species diversity in the similar environment can be determined.Keywords: Diversity index, Species diversity, Alpha-Beta-Gamma diversity