Improvement of Dissolution Properties Through Acyclovir - Succinic Acid Cocrystal Using Solvent Evaporation Technique

The objective of this research was to prepared acyclovir cocrystals with succinic acid as coformer using three different solvents (ethanol, acetic acid glacial, and 0.1N HCl) to influence the characters and improve the dissolution rate of acyclovir. Cocrystallization of acyclovir with succinic acid as coformer was successfully prepared by solvent evaporation technique using three different solvents (ethanol, acetic acid glacial, and 0.1N HCl). The screening indicated that acyclovir formed novel cocrystals with succinic acid in the three different solvents. PXRD profile show that there is three peaks in ethanol cocrystal in angle 2θ 5.9134o ; 9.1645o and 13.4044o . For acetic acid glacial and 0.1N HCl cocrystal there is one peak in angle 2θ 5.9263o and 2θ 9.6011o . In analysis diffractogram DSC formed ethanol cocrystal with melting point 175.84oC. The melting point of acetic acid glacial cocrystal is 178.41oC and 0.1N HCl cocrystal is 156.75oC. The dissolution rate of the cocrystals measured by the effisiency disolution (ED45) that considerable faster than that pure acyclovir and the physical mixtures. On the result of FTIR analysis there is changes of the wavenumber that indicated that there is cocrystal formed. And for SEM analysis, morphology of cocrystals was different than the original materials. In dissolution test, ethanol and acetic acid glacial cocrystals have better efficiency dissolution (ED45) (92.96 %) than the acyclovir ED45 (84.48 %). But 0.1N HCl cocrystal has lower ED45 than acyclovir that is 48.19 %. The results obtained in this research indicated the acyclovir cocrystals have formed with succinic acid as coformer using three different solvents. The physical properties was different from the three cocrystals. Dissolution rate of acyclovir cocrystals using ethanol and acetic acid glacial solvents was increase, whereas using 0.1N HCl was decrease rather than pure acyclovir