光子
单光子源
物理
量子点
自发参量下转换
量子技术
量子光学
光子学
量子成像
光电子学
量子
半导体
光学
量子力学
开放量子系统
量子纠缠
作者
P. Senellart,Glenn S. Solomon,A. G. White
标识
DOI:10.1038/nnano.2017.218
摘要
Single photons are a fundamental element of most quantum optical technologies. The ideal single-photon source is an on-demand, deterministic, single-photon source delivering light pulses in a well-defined polarization and spatiotemporal mode, and containing exactly one photon. In addition, for many applications, there is a quantum advantage if the single photons are indistinguishable in all their degrees of freedom. Single-photon sources based on parametric down-conversion are currently used, and while excellent in many ways, scaling to large quantum optical systems remains challenging. In 2000, semiconductor quantum dots were shown to emit single photons, opening a path towards integrated single-photon sources. Here, we review the progress achieved in the past few years, and discuss remaining challenges. The latest quantum dot-based single-photon sources are edging closer to the ideal single-photon source, and have opened new possibilities for quantum technologies.
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