Generation and Stability of Bulk Nanobubbles

Recently, extremely small bubbles, referred to as nanobubbles, have drawn increased attention due to their novel properties and great potential for various applications. In this study, a novel method for the generation of bulk nanobubbles (BNBs) was introduced, and stability of fabricated BNBs was investigated. BNBs were created from CO₂ gas with a mixing method; the chemical identity and phase state of these bubbles can be determined via infrared spectroscopy. The presence of BNBs was observed with a nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The ATR-FTIR spectra of BNBs indicate that the BNBs were filled with CO₂ gas. Furthermore, the BNB concentration and its ζ-potential were about 2.94 × 10⁸ particles/mL and -20 mV, respectively (24 h after BNB generation with a mixing time of 120 min). This indicates the continued existence and stability of BNBs in water for an extended period of time.