Based on the gear system dynamics and dynamic theories of nonlinear systems,the nonlinear dynamic model of blade rolling mill transmission system was established with the consideration of backlash,time-varying stiffness and transmission error. Nonlinear differential equations with the backlash were solved with numerical integration method. The influence of backlash on rolling mill transmission system was studied. The results showed that the increasing of backlash causes the system vibration from harmonic motion to chaotic motion. The meshing state of transmission system changes from double-sided impact to single-sided impact,and the increasing of backlash has larger influence on meshing dynamic response of first-stage and second-stage pinion and rack drive of upper roller than that of the lower roller.