Proton exchange membrane(PEM) water electrolysis technology is a clean and environmental friendly producing hydrogen technology,and has the advantages over high efficiency,high purity and no pollution.In this paper,the proton exchange membrane water electrolysis principle,composition of pool water solution,research progress on proton exchange membrane and the anode and cathode catalysts have been conducted.The research results show that a key question of impeding commercialization of PEM water electrolysis technology is the high cost of materials.So the development of low-cost proton exchange membrane and cathode and anode catalysts for PEM water electrolysis technology are main research directions in the future.