A New Strength Criterion for Frozen Soil Considering Pore Ice Content

Pore ice content is crucial in evaluating the mechanical properties of frozen soils. Existing strength criterion models are usually empirical and ignore the influence of pore ice content. By assuming that the critical state shear stress ratio of soil is a function of the stress level, a critical state line of frozen soil is proposed to consider pore ice content. By combining the Mohr–Coulomb (M–C) and Drucker–Prager strength criteria to describe the failure shape characteristics on the deviatoric plane, a new strength criterion is established for complex stress conditions. The proposed model is validated against existing models and measured data in the literature. In addition, the proposed model can uniformly describe the CSL of different types of geotechnical materials and has a clear physical meaning, which may provide a theoretical basis for constitutive models.