Data from: Large-scale proteomics to identify novel biomarkers linking social determinants of health to heart failure risk

Adverse social determinants of health (SDOH) associate with greater heart failure (HF) risk. Among 9,879 community-based participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort study, we assessed 4,955 plasma proteins using an aptamer-based platform (Somalogic). We derived a SDOH factor comprised of income, education, and area deprivation index (ADI) in Black and White participants. Proteins associated with this factor at Bonferroni significance were tested for associations with incident HF using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Among Black participants, 36 proteins were associated with both the SDOH factor and incident HF, 126 were among White participants, and 12 were shared between race strata. Eight of these demonstrated significant mediation effect in causal medication models. Key results were replicated in 49,396 participants in UK Biobank. Mendelian randomization and colocalization suggested a potentially causal effect of C1QTNF1, an adiponectin paralog, on HF. We demonstrate novel protein biomarkers associated with SDOH burden and HF risk.