Pyrazole–Tetrazole Hybrid with Trinitromethyl, Fluorodinitromethyl, or (Difluoroamino)dinitromethyl Groups: High‐Performance Energetic Materials

Abstract High‐nitrogen‐content compounds have attracted great scientific interest and technological importance because of their unique energy content, and they find diverse applications in many fields of science and technology. Understanding of structure–property relationship trends and how to modify them is of paramount importance for their further improvement. Herein, the installation of oxygen‐rich modules, C(NO 2 ) 3 , C(NO 2 ) 2 F, or C(NO 2 ) 2 NF 2 , into an endothermic framework, that is, the combination of a nitropyrazole unit and tetrazole ring, is used as a way to design novel energetic compounds. Density, oxygen balance, and enthalpy of formation are enhanced by the presence of these oxygen‐containing units. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by XRD. For crystal packing analysis, it is proposed to use new criterion, Δ OED , that can serve as a measure of the tightness of molecular packing upon crystal formation. Overall, the materials show promising detonation and propulsion parameters.