Module 5: Provisioning services

Provisioning ESs include all physical products and materials obtained from ecosystems, such as timber, food and woodfuel. Because they represent tangible and visible outputs, the identification and quantification of provisioning ESs is generally easier than for other ESs. Tools are available to collect information on the products people collect, the time spent in their collection, and the sources from which they are obtained. For example, FAO et al. (2016) developed guidance and modules for socio-economic surveys in forestry.