混淆
流行病学
营养流行病学
疾病
能量(信号处理)
医学
环境卫生
老年学
人口学
统计
内科学
数学
社会学
作者
Lauren E. McCullough,Doratha A. Byrd
摘要
Abstract In 1986, Willett and Stampfer (Am J Epidemiol. 1986;124(1):17–27) propelled the nutritional epidemiology field forward by publishing a commentary emphasizing the importance of analyzing diet in relation to total energy intake in epidemiologic analyses of diet and disease, detailing the value of accounting for body size, physical activity, and metabolic efficiency in diet-disease analyses via energy intake adjustment. Their publication has since been cited over 2,886 times and has inarguably advanced methodology for studying diet-disease associations, with most nutritional epidemiology studies standardly including some form of energy adjustment. However, there remains debate regarding the best scenarios and methods for energy adjustment. The goals of this commentary are to provide an updated review on factors that account for interindividual differences in energy intake, provide a balanced discussion regarding the considerations for or against adjustment for energy intake, and provide an updated examination of the commonly employed methods for the analysis of nutrient-disease associations. The principles of energy adjustment continue to be relevant nearly 25 years later, as it remains a critical method to account for potentially confounding interindividual variations in body size and physical activity.
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