Neuromorphic Phototransistor with Biochemical Reconfigurability

Neuromorphic transistors with biochemical perception and reconfigurability are crucial for seamless human-robot interaction. However, existing hardware is limited by solid-state operation with electronic charge dynamics. Here, we present such a neuromorphic organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT), in which two different biomolecules can be recognized and transduced into either excitatory or inhibitory signals, exhibiting bioswitchable positive and negative photoconductivity. By adjusting the biomolecular ratios, it further enables dynamic conversion between excitatory and inhibitory behaviors, as well as between paired-pulse facilitation and depression. By constructing a closed-loop neuromorphic biosensing-feedback system, a reconfigurable OPECT nerve is further developed to simulate the chemical-mediated dilation and contraction of a human pupil.