HDAC/NF-κB signaling pathway mediates gut microbiota dysbiosis in rheumatoid arthritis: Intervention mechanisms of Fengshining decoction

This study indicated that the gut microecological mechanism of FSN might be associated with its herbal components, which regulate gut microbiota diversity, restore the intestinal barrier, and boost microbial metabolite production. Furthermore, butyrate was observed to modulate intestinal mucosa, inhibit inflammatory responses, repair the intestinal barrier, and mitigate joint damage, thus alleviating RA symptoms.