Research progress on catalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate based on manganese oxides

Activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) by heterogeneous transition metal has been widely concerned. Common heterogeneous transition metal catalysts mainly include Mn-based, Fe-based, Co-based, and Cu-based oxides. Among them, Manganese oxides (MnOx) have been widely studied due to their wide distribution, environmental friendliness, rich valence state composition and other advantages. In this paper, we systematically summarize related manganese oxide species, emerging oxidation pathways and their derivative mechanism, the structure-activity relationship between the physicochemical properties of the catalysts and the catalytic efficiency, and common modification synergistic mechanism of MnOx. Moreover, the research challenges and application prospects of activated PMS by MnOx are proposed. This work can deepen the systematic understanding of the catalytic activation of persulfate by MnOx, promote the application of MnOx/persulfate system in the fields of water supply disinfection, sewage treatment, and soil remediation.