Design and optimization of Anaerobic digestion processes for biogas production can be enhanced via validated mathematical models developed from mechanistic studies that lead to a more in-depth understanding of the very complex transport phenomena, microbial biochemical kinetics, and stochiometric relationships associated with Anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digesters often exhibit significant stability problems, that may be avoided only through appropriate control strategies. Such strategies require, in general, the development of appropriate mathematcal models, which adequately portray the key processes that take place. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review on the models available for Anaerobic digestion processes.