Hepatic abscess as a complication of duodenal-jejunal bypass sleeve system and review of the literature

The obesity epidemic is steadily increasing worldwide, and high body mass index (BMI) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, musculoskeletal disorders, and also some cancers [ [1] World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. 2015. [cited 2016 March 21]. Available from: 〈http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/〉. Google Scholar ]. Diets are generally unsuccessful [ [2] Schouten R. Rijs C.S. Bouvy N.D. et al. A multicenter, randomized efficacy study of the EndoBarrier Gastrointestinal Liner for presurgical weight loss prior to bariatric surgery. Ann Surg. 2010; 251: 236-243 Crossref PubMed Scopus (236) Google Scholar ]. Bariatric surgery is today the main treatment for severe obesity [ [3] Patel S.R. Hakim D. Mason J. Hakim N. The duodenal-jejunal bypass sleeve (EndoBarrier Gastrointestinal Liner) for weight loss and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013; 9: 482-484 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (38) Google Scholar ]. There is a strong interest in finding less invasive methods [ [4] Koehestanie P. Betzel B. Dogan K. et al. The feasibility of delivering a duodenal-jejunal bypass liner (EndoBarrier) endoscopically with patients under conscious sedation. Surg Endosc. 2014; 28: 325-330 Crossref PubMed Scopus (17) Google Scholar ] and whether that preoperative weight loss improves surgery outcomes [ [2] Schouten R. Rijs C.S. Bouvy N.D. et al. A multicenter, randomized efficacy study of the EndoBarrier Gastrointestinal Liner for presurgical weight loss prior to bariatric surgery. Ann Surg. 2010; 251: 236-243 Crossref PubMed Scopus (236) Google Scholar ] and reduces perioperative complications [ [5] Gersin K.S. Rothstein R.I. Rosenthal R.J. et al. Open-label, sham-controlled trial of an endoscopic duodenojejunal bypass liner for preoperative weight loss in bariatric surgery candidates. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010; 71: 976-982 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (160) Google Scholar ].