Study Protocol: Exploring Novel Neurostimulation Based Therapies for Swallowing Impairments in Parkinson's Disease

Study protocol for Exploring Novel Neurostimulation Based Therapies for Swallowing Impairments in Parkinson's Disease. The study was funded by Parkinson's UK, granted ethical approval in 2017 and ended in 2020. It involved administering 1 Hz cortically targeted repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS); 5 Hz cortically targeted rTMS and pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES) to patients with Parkinson's disease and dysphagia. The aim of the study was to compare and contrast the ability of these neurostimulatory approaches to reverse Parkinson's related dysphagia.