Objective To explore the cytotoxic ability of specific CTL cells induced by the nucleocpsid protein antigen encoded by the S gene fragment of XHFV to the target cells sensitized by recombinant adenovirus through the assay of special CTL function of recombinant adenovirus expressing XHFV S gene fragment.Methods S genetic cDNA fragment amplified by PCR was cloned into the helper-free vector of adenovirus,which made the helper-free vector of adenovirus the recombinant adenovirus. After they were used to infect the Balb/c mice,specific CTL function of recombinant adenovirus was detected with the non-radioactive LDH release assay.Results In the suitable ratio of effector cells to target cells, the higher the ratio of effector cells to target cells is,the higher specific CTL percentage is.Conclusions Specific CTL function induced by the nucleocapsid protein antigen encoded by S gene fragment of XHFV can cause special damage to the CTL bears out that some protein expressed by the helper-free vector of adenovirus can induce cellular immunity,which is deteriorative to vaccine inoculation with the recombinant adenovirus.