Recent reports on electrochemical determination of selected antibiotics in pharmaceutical formulations: A mini review

Recent advances in the application of various voltammetric techniques using different electrode materials for the electrochemical determination of selected antibiotics including metronidazole, tinidazole, sulfonamides, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin are considered. Cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and stripping voltammetric techniques using unmodified and modified electrodes reported for detection of the studied antibiotics in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids are reviewed. Recent reports on the applications of modified electrodes are compiled in this review considering the substrate electrode, modifier, analytical technique, supporting electrolyte, linear dynamic range, and limit of detection which might help researchers working in the area. Researchers with the interest to use electrochemical techniques for determination of electroactive analytes like drugs will benefit from this mini review how modified electrodes can increase method selectivity and sensitivity.