白质
灰质
谷氨酸受体
星形胶质细胞
神经科学
缝隙连接
神经胶质
生物
中枢神经系统
细胞生物学
医学
磁共振成像
生物化学
细胞内
放射科
受体
作者
Susanne Köhler,Ulrike Winkler,Johannes Hirrlinger
标识
DOI:10.1007/s11064-019-02926-x
摘要
Astrocytes are a diverse and heterogeneous type of glial cells. The major task of grey and white matter areas in the brain are computation of information at neuronal synapses and propagation of action potentials along axons, respectively, resulting in diverse demands for astrocytes. Adapting their function to the requirements in the local environment, astrocytes differ in morphology, gene expression, metabolism, and many other properties. Here we review the differential properties of protoplasmic astrocytes of grey matter and fibrous astrocytes located in white matter in respect to glutamate and energy metabolism, to their function at the blood–brain interface and to coupling via gap junctions. Finally, we discuss how this astrocytic heterogeneity might contribute to the different susceptibility of grey and white matter to ischemic insults.
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