Mechanistic and Organic Systems of Management

Abstract This chapter reviews the more general considerations which support the view that effective organization of industrial resources, even when considered in its rational aspects alone, does not approximate to one ideal type of management system, but alters in important respects in conformity with changes in extrinsic factors. These extrinsic factors are all identifiable as different rates of technical or market change. By ‘change’ is meant the appearance of novelties such as new scientific discoveries or technical inventions, and requirements for products of a kind not previously available or demanded.