Screening and interventional strategies for the late effects and toxicities of hematological malignancy treatments in pediatric survivors

Advancements in pediatric cancer treatment have increased patient survival rates; however, childhood cancer survivors may face long-term health challenges due to treatment-related effects on organs. Regular post-treatment surveillance and early intervention are crucial for improving the survivors' quality of life and long-term health outcomes. The present paper highlights the significance of late effects in childhood cancer survivors, particularly those with hematologic malignancies, stressing the importance of a vigilant follow-up approach to ensure better overall well-being. This article provides an overview of the treatment history of childhood leukemia and lymphoma as well as outlines the emerging late effects of treatments. We discuss the various types of these complications and their corresponding risk factors. Standardizing survivorship care in pediatric cancer aims to improve patient well-being by optimizing their health outcomes and quality of life. This involves early identification and intervention of late effects, requiring collaboration among specialists, nurses, and advocates, and emphasizing data sharing and international cooperation.