A quantum critical Bose gas of magnons in the quasi-two-dimensional antiferromagnet YbCl3 under magnetic fields

马格农 物理 反铁磁性 玻色气体 凝聚态物理 量子 磁场 量子力学 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体 铁磁性
作者
Y. Matsumoto,Simon Schnierer,J. A. N. Bruin,Jürgen Nuß,Pascal Reiss,George Jackeli,Kentaro Kitagawa,H. Takagi
出处
期刊:Nature Physics [Nature Portfolio]
卷期号:20 (7): 1131-1138 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41567-024-02498-w
摘要

Abstract Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) is a quantum phenomenon in which a macroscopic number of bosons occupy the lowest energy state and acquire coherence at low temperatures. In three-dimensional antiferromagnets, a magnetic-field-induced transition has been successfully described as a magnon BEC. For a strictly two-dimensional (2D) system, it is known that BEC cannot take place due to the presence of a finite density of states at zero energy. However, in a realistic quasi-2D magnet consisting of stacked magnetic layers, a small but finite interlayer coupling stabilizes marginal BEC but such that 2D physics is still expected to dominate. This 2D-limit BEC behaviour has been reported in a few materials but only at very high magnetic fields that are difficult to access. The honeycomb S = 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet YbCl 3 exhibits a transition to a fully polarized state at a relatively low in-plane magnetic field. Here, we demonstrate the formation of a quantum critical 2D Bose gas at the transition field, which, with lowering the field, experiences a BEC marginally stabilized by an extremely small interlayer coupling. Our observations establish YbCl 3 , previously a Kitaev quantum spin liquid material, as a realization of a quantum critical BEC in the 2D limit.
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