Metal mixtures exposure with risk of elevated serum neurofilament light chain concentrations in U.S. general adults, NHANES 2013–2014

In the U.S. general adult, a significant correlation between metal mixtures exposure and increased sNfL concentrations was observed, and urinary Cd levels play a pivotal role in this positive correlation. Notably, stronger risk associations were observed among elderly, males, smokers, and hypertensive individuals. The results could be significant for detecting and tracking the beginning of neurodegenerative diseases early, as well as helping to pinpoint individuals at high risk.