Efficient Solar Cell Using COMSOL Multiphysics

This research is concentrated on building solar cells with greater efficiency than standard solar cells. The main aim of this work is to extend solar cells in such a way that their efficiency can be increased in comparison to regular solar cells. Our project's model is a one-dimensional silicon p–n junction with carrier generation and Shockley–Read–Hall recombination. This model represents how solar cells behave under forward bias at various voltages. For the front surface doping, a geometric doping model is employed, whereas an analytical doping model is used for the uniform bulk doping (the surface is specified in the Boundary Selection for Doping Profile sub-node). The Shockley–Read–Hall recombination model is implemented in a Trap-Assisted Recombination feature, while the photogeneration is carried out in a User-Defined Generation feature. Two Metal Contact features are used to make the electrical connections to the front and back surfaces. The generation rate is expressed simply as a user-defined spatially dependent variable using an integral equation involving the silicon absorption spectrum and solar irradiation. Additionally, the primary recombination impact is captured using the Shockley–Read–Hall model. Photo-generated carriers are swept to either side of the p–n junction’s depletion zone during normal operation. A moderate forward bias voltage is used to generate the electrical power, which is produced by the photo-current and the applied voltage. After reviewing numerous studies, we have been led to the realization that adjusting the dimensions of the solar cell under ID configuration in the COMSOL Multiphysics software has improved the efficiency. We prefer COMSOL Multiphysics because it is simple to use, gives us a lot of exposure, and provides accurate data for whatever material we utilize.