Three-wavelength white organic light-emitting diodes on silicon for high luminance and color gamut microdisplays

Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) microdisplays have attracted considerable attention owing to their low power consumption, rapid response, high contrast ratio, and self-luminescence. To expand the use of OLED microdisplays, high luminance and vivid color are required. Herein, we developed a high-luminance, low-voltage, three-wavelength, top-emitting white OLED (WOLED) using a silicon substrate for complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor-based, full-color microdisplay applications. Optimal thickness of the emitting layer and thickness and position of the interlayer were determined to improve device performance. The device exhibited luminance of ∼4,200 cd/m2 at 3.3 V, and the maximum luminance reached 170,000 cd/m2 at 11.4 V. In addition, red, green, and blue color filters were deposited onto the WOLED after the thin-film encapsulation process to verify feasibility of the device for full-color microdisplay applications. The color gamut of the developed WOLED with color filters was 136% compared to sRGB. The maximum luminance and color gamut of the developed device is among the highest values obtained to date for OLED microdisplays.