Advanced Electrical Behavior of Graphene Nanostructures for Next-Generation Aviation

The emergence of next-generation aviation technologies necessitates materials that combine lightweight properties with exceptional performance and multifunctionality. Graphene-based nanostructures have gained significant attention due to their outstanding electrical, thermal, and mechanical characteristics. This chapter highlights the advanced electrical behavior of graphene and its derivatives such as graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and their transformative role in aerospace. These materials offer tailored electrical properties suitable for applications including electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, lightning strike protection, energy storage, and sensing. Key parameters like layer number, defect density, and functionalization significantly influence their electrical performance. The chapter explores graphene's integration into supercapacitors, batteries, coatings, and structural health monitoring systems, all critical for enhancing safety, efficiency, and sustainability in aviation.