紫微斗數命理師在助人歷程上之語言技巧的研究

[[abstract]]本研究探討紫微斗數論命歷程中的語言技巧，並了解求助者如何受到命理師幫助。藉由立意取樣，並採用質性研究中的半結構式深度訪談，蒐集四位求助者的算命前中後歷程資料，與一位命理師的訪談內容，並透過紮根理論進行編碼，且以諮商架構進行內容分析。 本研究發現： 1.紫微斗數命理師的語言技巧與心理諮商有本質上的不同。 2.紫微斗數命理師在助人歷程中與求助者關係首重信賴感，有助於求助者對命盤與命理訊息的接受程度，以及對命理師之建議與教育的服從程度。但紫微斗數論命過程並未存在諮商助人中的工作同盟關係。 3.命理師認為自身主要助人目的在於「創命造命、解惑」，但在歷程中並未存在諮商助人中設立工作目標。 4.命理求助者的需求有趨吉避凶、參考依據、操縱歸因、自證預言等需要。 5.華人命理的思維模式包含「積極的趨吉，避凶以趨吉；做不一定吉，不做一定不吉；援引超越的力量：民間信仰中的做功德、法術、修行；點破到圓滿：「由內而外」、「由外而內」的追求和諧」。 最後根據研究結論，對後續研究與諮商實務提出建議。 關鍵字：紫微斗數、諮商、語言技巧 This research investigated verbal techniques in helping processes of Chinese astrologers and the influences of the help seekers upon the Chinese astrologers. Four participants and one Chinese astrologer were invited into in-depth interviews by purposive sampling. Under a qualitative semi-structured interview guideline, three interviews for each participant and one for the Chinese astrologer were held. The interview contents were transcribed and coded by the grounded theory and then analyzed by the counseling construct. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. Essential differences exist in verbal techniques between Chinese astrologers and psychological counselors. 2. The trusting relationship between help seekers and Chinese astrologers is an important aspect of the field. Trust increases not only the help seekers’ acceptance of the results of fortune telling but also the seekers’ obedience to the suggestions and enlightenments from the Chinese astrologers. However, there is no working alliance in helping processes between Chinese astrologers and help seekers. 3. Chinese astrologers attempt to persuade help seekers that they are able to restart new lives and to explain the bewilderments of their lives in the helping processes. Unlike psychological counselors, Chinese astrologers do not set any goals for their conversation. 4. The help seekers in fortune telling possess four types of demands: (1) pursuing good fortune and avoiding disasters, (2) seeking references for their lives, (3) intentionally attributing their fate to specific reasons, and (4) self-fulfilling prophecy. 5. The features of Chinese astrology include (1) actively luck pursuing exists parallel to misfortune avoiding while pursuing luck; (2) regulative action of help seekers may not lead toward good luck, but no regulative action probably leads to misfortune; (3) relying on the transcendental powers derived from actions of folk religion such as benefaction, rituals, and self-cultivation capable of changing one’s fate; and (4) revealing the deficits of one’s fate for achieving full life, improving these deficits via intrinsic or extrinsic ways. Key words: Chinese astrologer, counseling, verbal techniques