OBJECTIVE To study the effects of free radicals and its clinical significance on acute lung infection. ?METHODS?The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) of serum in 28 cases of acute lung infection were determined.?RESULTS?The activities of SOD and content of MDA in acute lung infection were significantly higher than that of control group.?CONCLUSION? The free radicals have effects of killing the bacterium for acute lung infection, but could also injured the body.