Room Temperature Blocked Magnetic Nanoparticles Based on Ferrite Promoted by a Three-Step Thermal Decomposition Process

Exchange coupled nanoparticles that combine hard and soft magnetic phases are very promising to enhance the effective magnetic anisotropy while preserving sizes below 20 nm. However, the core–shell structure is usually insufficient to produce rare earth-free ferro(i)magnetic blocked nanoparticles at room temperature. We report on onion-type magnetic nanoparticles prepared by a three-step seed mediated growth based on the thermal decomposition method. The core@shell@shell structure consists of a core and an external shell of Fe3−δO4 separated by an intermediate Co-doped ferrite shell. The double exchange coupling at both core@shell and shell@shell interfaces results in such an increased of the magnetic anisotropy energy, that onion-type nanoparticles of 16 nm mainly based on iron oxide are blocked at room temperature. We envision that these results are very appealing for potential applications based on permanent magnets.