水痘带状疱疹病毒
病毒学
免疫系统
水痘疫苗
病毒
免疫
免疫学
免疫
医学
作者
Myron J. Levin,Adriana Weinberg
出处
期刊:Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
日期:2021-01-01
卷期号:: 223-246
被引量:3
摘要
The live attenuated varicella vaccine is intended to mimic the tempo and nature of the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to varicella infection. To date, two doses of varicella vaccine administered in childhood have been very effective in generating varicella-zoster virus (VZV) immune responses that prevent natural infection for at least several decades. After primary infection, the infecting VZV establishes latency in sensory and cranial nerve ganglia with the potential to reactivate and cause herpes zoster. Although, the immune responses developed during varicella are important for preventing herpes zoster they wane with increasing age (immune senescence) or with the advent of immune suppression. Protection can be restored by increasing cell-mediated immune responses with two doses of an adjuvanted recombinant VZV glycoprotein E vaccine that stimulates both VZV-and gE-specific immunity. This vaccine provides ~85-90% protection against herpes zoster for 7-8 years (to date).
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