工作记忆
心理学
任务(项目管理)
对象(语法)
认知心理学
选择性注意
短时记忆
样品(材料)
对比度(视觉)
匹配(统计)
认知
计算机科学
人工智能
神经科学
经济
统计
化学
管理
色谱法
数学
标识
DOI:10.1111/1467-9280.00290
摘要
The relationship between working memory and selective attention has traditionally been discussed as operating in one direction: Attention filters incoming information, allowing only relevant information into short-term processing stores. This study tested the prediction that the contents of visual working memory also influence the guidance of selective attention. Participants held a sample object in working memory on each trial. Two objects, one matching the sample and the other novel, were then presented simultaneously. As measured by a probe task, attention shifted to the object matching the sample. This effect generalized across object type, attentional-probe task, and working memory task. In contrast, a matched task with no memory requirement showed the opposite pattern, demonstrating that this effect is not simply due to exposure to the sample. These results confirm a specific prediction about the influence of working memory contents on the guidance of attention.
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