[Chinese expert consensus on lung and thymus neuroendocrine neoplasms].

Lung and thymus neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare tumors. According to the fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification of thoracic tumors published in 2021, lung and thymus NENs include typical carcinoids, atypical carcinoids, large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, and small cell carcinomas. Although the incidence of lung and thymus NENs has gradually increased in recent years, there is a lack of randomized controlled clinical study results to guide clinical practice. The treatment of early-stage lung and thymus NENs is complete surgical resection, and the treatment methods for unresectable advanced diseases include different medical treatments, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, and local therapy. To improve the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of lung and thymus NENs in China, the Expert Committee of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms, Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology developed the expert consensus after multidisciplinary expert discussions based on existing clinical study evidences and guidelines from different neuroendocrine tumor societies. The contents of the consensus cover the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathological classification, staging, treatment and follow-up of lung and thymus NENs (except small cell lung cancer).肺和胸腺神经内分泌肿瘤(NENs)是一种罕见的肿瘤，根据2021年发布的第5版世界卫生组织胸部肿瘤病理分类，肺和胸腺NENs包括典型类癌、不典型类癌、大细胞神经内分泌癌和小细胞癌。尽管近年来肺和胸腺NENs发病率逐渐升高，但国内外均缺少针对NENs的随机对照临床研究结果以指导临床实践。早期肺和胸腺NENs的治疗为外科完全性切除，不可切除的晚期疾病治疗方法包括药物治疗、肽受体放射性核素治疗和局部治疗等。为了进一步提高中国肺和胸腺NENs的规范化诊疗水平，中国临床肿瘤学会神经内分泌肿瘤专家委员会在国内外现有临床研究证据的基础上，结合国际指南，经过多学科专家讨论，制定了中国肺和胸腺神经内分泌肿瘤专家共识。共识的内容包括了肺和胸腺NENs(除小细胞肺癌外)的流行病学、诊断、病理分类、分期以及治疗与随访等。.