Exploration of the Synergistic Effect in a One-Component Lewis Pair System: Serving as a Dual Initiator and Catalyst in the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Epoxides

催化作用 环氧丙烷 亲核细胞 环氧化物 聚合 化学 高分子化学 路易斯酸 电泳剂 氧化环己烯 沮丧的刘易斯对 光化学 聚合物 有机化学 共聚物 环氧乙烷
作者
Xiaowu Wang,Jiwen Hui,Minmin Shi,Xinhui Kou,Xiaoxiao Li,Rong‐Lin Zhong,Zhibo Li
出处
期刊:ACS Catalysis [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:12 (14): 8434-8443 被引量:32
标识
DOI:10.1021/acscatal.2c02170
摘要

Ring-opening polymerization (ROP) is a powerful approach to prepare well-defined polymers. Herein, a one-component Lewis pair strategy was adopted, and two delicate Lewis pairs 1–2 were rationally designed and conveniently synthesized. Lewis pairs 1–2 featured an electropositive phosphonium cation, two electrophilic boron centers involving two 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane moieties, and a nucleophilic halide (Br– or I–). Lewis pair 1–2-mediated ROP of propylene oxide (PO) exhibited activity (turnover frequency = 3600 h–1) with a living characteristic and low catalyst feeding (0.003 mol %) and afforded an extremely high-molecular-weight α-halide/ω-OH polypropylene oxide (PPO, Mn = 489.5 kg/mol) under mild conditions (−30 to 0 °C). We highlight the success of the one-component Lewis pair strategy to achieve living PO polymerization and extremely high-molecular-weight PPO attributing to two important factors: better control (less transfer reaction) and rapid polymerization kinetics, which takes full advantage of the unique structures and the synergistic effect of 1–2. A preliminary investigation demonstrated that water can be added to the polymerization setup and served as a chain transfer reagent, leading to a controlled polymerization and producing α-hydroxy/ω-OH PPO. The present study provides an insightful mechanistic understanding of the designed one-component Lewis pair systems in epoxide homopolymerization based on spectroscopic data analysis and density functional theory calculations.
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