温带气候
纬度
热带
赤道
生物地球化学
土壤水分
营养物
生物
热带气候
农学
限制
高原(数学)
大气科学
磷
植物
生态学
地理
化学
地质学
有机化学
工程类
大地测量学
机械工程
数学分析
数学
作者
Peter B. Reich,Jacek Oleksyn
标识
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0403588101
摘要
A global data set including 5,087 observations of leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) for 1,280 plant species at 452 sites and of associated mean climate indices demonstrates broad biogeographic patterns. In general, leaf N and P decline and the N/P ratio increases toward the equator as average temperature and growing season length increase. These patterns are similar for five dominant plant groups, coniferous trees and four angiosperm groups (grasses, herbs, shrubs, and trees). These results support the hypotheses that (i) leaf N and P increase from the tropics to the cooler and drier midlatitudes because of temperature-related plant physiological stoichiometry and biogeographical gradients in soil substrate age and then plateau or decrease at high latitudes because of cold temperature effects on biogeochemistry and (ii) the N/P ratio increases with mean temperature and toward the equator, because P is a major limiting nutrient in older tropical soils and N is the major limiting nutrient in younger temperate and high-latitude soils.
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