Surface morphology and microstructure of Bauhinia variegata L. flowers and leaves

The main purpose of this research is to characterize the wettability and microstructure of Bauhinia variegata L. flowers and leaves, aiming to provide a biological template for the preparation of hydrophobic surfaces. The contact angle test results show that the surfaces of flowers and leaves are hydrophobic, and the contact angle of the adaxial side and abaxial side of the leaves is highly significant difference, which is mainly affected by the topological morphology of the surface microstructure. The topological structure of flower and leaf surface morphology was revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and super-depth of field three-dimensional microscope. The results showed that the cell structure of flower surface array was the main factor leading to the hydrophobicity of flowers. The snowflake-like structure on the leaf surface is the main factor leading to hydrophobicity of leaves, and the burr structure of the micro-nano dual-level structure unique to the abaxial side of the leaf further enhances the hydrophobicity of the abaxial side, and the contact angle increases, resulting in a highly significant difference in wettability between the adaxial side and abaxial side. This provides an important biological template and reference value for the preparation of biomimetic materials.