Natural Allies for Heart Health: Nrf2 Activation and Cardiovascular Disease Management

The term "cardiovascular diseases" (CVD) refers to various ailments that affect the heart and blood vessels, including myocardial ischemia, congenital heart defects, heart failure, rheumatic heart disease, hypertension, peripheral artery disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathies. Despite significant breakthroughs in preventative measures and treatment choices, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality, imposing a considerable financial burden. Oxidative stress (OS) is a fundamental contributor to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, resulting from an inherent disparity in generating reactive oxygen species. The disparity above significantly contributes to the aberrant operation of the cardiovascular system. To tackle this issue, therapeutic intervention primarily emphasizes the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor crucial in regulating endogenous antioxidant defense systems against oxidative stress (OS). The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) exhibits potential as a promising target for effectively managing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Significantly, an emerging field of study is around the utilization of natural substances to stimulate the activation of Nrf2, hence facilitating the promotion of cardioprotection. This technique introduces a new pathway for treating cardiovascular disease (CVD).The substances above elicit their advantageous effects by mitigating the impact of oxidative stress via initiating Nrf2 signalling. The primary objective of our study is to provide significant insights that can contribute to advancing treatment methods, including natural products. These strategies aim to tackle the obstacles associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).