This paper, guided by the theory of new quality productivity, systematically studies the current development status, driving mechanism and upgrading path of the biopharmaceutical industry in Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province. By sorting out the theoretical connotation of new quality productivity and the development characteristics of the biopharmaceutical industry, an analytical framework of "technological breakthrough - factor upgrading - industrial synergy - institutional innovation" is constructed. Combined with the industrial data, enterprise cases and policy documents of Qingyuan City, the internal logic of new quality productivity driving industrial development is revealed. The research finds that the biopharmaceutical industry in Qingyuan City has formed a spatial layout of "two zones, three counties and six parks", and has a certain foundation in the fields of anesthetic drugs, raw materials and southern medicine planting, but there are problems such as small industrial scale, insufficient innovation ability and shortage of high-end talents. Based on empirical analysis, this paper proposes measures such as strengthening the construction of scientific and technological innovation platforms, improving the industrial chain, optimizing the talent cultivation mechanism and deepening policy coordination to promote the transformation of the biopharmaceutical industry in Qingyuan City to high-quality development, providing practical references for the cultivation of strategic emerging industries in northern Guangdong.