材料科学
自愈水凝胶
执行机构
复合材料
弯曲
纤维素
双层
抗弯刚度
复合数
胶粘剂
抗弯刚度
聚合物
图层(电子)
化学工程
高分子化学
膜
化学
电气工程
工程类
生物化学
作者
Nontarin Roopsung,Akihide Sugawara,Yu‐I Hsu,Taka‐Aki Asoh,Hiroshi Uyama
标识
DOI:10.1002/marc.202300205
摘要
Abstract Stimuli‐responsive hydrogel actuators are being increasingly used in microtechnology, but typical bilayer hydrogel actuators have significant drawbacks due to weak adhesive interface between the two layers. In this study, thermoresponsive single‐layer hydrogel actuators are produced by generating a gradient distribution of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in a poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogel network by electrophoresis. Tunable bending properties of the composite hydrogels, such as the thermoresponsive bending speed and angle, are realized by varying the electrophoresis time, applied voltage, and CNC concentration. By varying these conditions, the gradient distribution of the CNCs can be optimized, leading to fast bending and large bending angles of the hydrogels. Bending properties are attributed to the gradient distribution of CNCs causing different deswelling rates across the hydrogel network owing to reinforcing effects. Bending ability is also influenced by differences in the CNC dimensions based on the sources of cellulose, which determine the rigidity of the CNC‐rich layer of the polymer composite. It is thus shown that thermoresponsive single‐layer gradient hydrogels with tunable bending properties can be realized.
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