Nonopioid analgesics discovery and the Valley of Death: EMA401 from concept to clinical trial

Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Corresponding author. Address: Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development (CIPDD), School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia 4072. Tel.: +61 7 33652554; fax: +61 7 33467391. E-mail address: [email protected] (M.T. Smith). Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article.