Artificial intelligence-based technology in communication training in nursing education: A scoping review

Artificial intelligence (AI) with advanced natural language processing capabilities holds significant promise for navigating the complexities of digital communication by providing personalized and interactive communication training. Communication skills are crucial in nursing education. However, there is a lack of comprehensive information about its use in nursing education. This scoping review aims to map and synthesize the literature on the applications and experiences relating to learning and teaching nursing communication skills using AI. Searches were conducted across five databases, to identify relevant papers published between January 2003 to June 2023. PAGER framework was employed to collate, summarize, and report the results. Four articles were included in this review. Students had mixed learning experiences, while teaching experiences were minimally reported. Learning outcomes included self-efficacy, communication skills and knowledge, and learning attitude. Barriers included cultural and social barriers, technical problems, and logistical challenges. Nevertheless, AI-based communication training offers instant feedback, professional guidance, and psychological safety. This scoping review summarized the application of AI in communication training in nursing education. Positive and negative learning experiences were reported, but teaching experiences were underreported and learning outcomes were inconclusive. More robust studies involving all stakeholders, including IT developers and teachers, are recommended. • The AI interface primarily involved desktop VR simulation with Natural language processing (NLP) voice chatbot and mobile chatbots with conversational virtual patient via social media platform. • Mixed learning experiences were reported, there was a lack of information on teaching experiences and inconclusive findings regarding learning outcomes with AI in communication training. • Teaching faculty’s experience remains essential when integrating AI, as they provide the human intelligence necessary for effective education. • More robust studies involving all stakeholders, such as IT developers and teaching faculty, are recommended.