Transformer fault diagnosis based on DBO-BiLSTM algorithm and LIF technology

Abstract In response to the deficiencies of traditional power transformer fault detection techniques, such as low sensitivity and the inability for online monitoring, a novel transformer fault diagnosis model combining laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technology with deep learning is proposed. Initially, the spectral data of transformer insulation oil is acquired using LIF technology, yielding spectral data for various fault types. Subsequently, MinMaxScaler and standard normalized variate methods are employed for denoising and preprocessing the spectral data. The preprocessed data is then subjected to dimensionality reduction using linear discriminant analysis and T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding to ensure that the spectral data retains maximal feature information while minimizing its dimensionality. Following this, long short-term memory, bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), dung beetle optimizer-BiLSTM, convolutional neural network, and support vector machine models are constructed. The reduced-dimensional data is fed into each of the five models for training to facilitate transformer fault diagnosis. Through comparative analysis among the five models, the optimal model is selected. Experimental results indicate that the dung beetle optimization-BiLSTM model is the most suitable for transformer fault diagnosis in this experiment, underscoring its significant implications for ensuring the safety of power systems.