[Current research status and prospects for clinical application of robotics in spinal surgery].

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and the increasing integration of medical engineering, robot-assisted (RA) technology in spinal surgery has made significant strides, with its clinical application range continuously expanding. This article provides a comprehensive review of relevant literature on spinal surgery robots over the past decade, summarizing recent advancements in screw placement techniques such as cervical, thoracic, and lumbar pedicle screws; cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screws; cervical lateral mass screws; and S