A clinical study of polyethylene glycol recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor prevention neutropenia syndrome in patients with esophageal carcinoma and lung cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy

To compare the efficacy and safety of PEG-rhG-CSF and recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) for the prevention and delayed application in febrile neutropenia, hospitalization rate in concurrent chemoradiotherapy of tumors.A total of 163 patients, who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy for solid tumors. There were 75 patients in the PEG-rhG-CSF group (PEG group), who received 146 cycles of concurrent chemoradiotherapy, of which 132 cycles (90.42%) were prophylactic therapy, while 9 cycles (6.16%) were delayed therapy. There were 88 patients in the rhG-CSF group (rhG group), who received 164 cycles of concurrent chemoradiotherapy, of which 48 cycles (29.3%) were prophylactic, while 116 cycles (70.7%) were delayed therapy. G-CSF was used for prophylaxis in 180 cycles of chemotherapy, with delayed use in 130 cycles.Comparison between the prevention group and the delayed group showed that the incidence of neutropenia-related hospitalization was 4.44% and 14.62%, respectively (OR = 0.272, 95% CI, 0.115-0.642) (P = 0.002). Intravenous antibiotics usage was 2.78% vs. 11.54%, (OR = 0.004, 95% CI, 0.077-0.619) (P = 0.004). Dose reduction of chemotherapy or delay was 5% vs. 17.69% (OR = 0.245, 95% CI, 0.109-0.549) (P = 0.001). The prevention group had protective effects from all factors as compared to the delayed group (all P < 0.05, and all OR < 1). Moreover, the protective role of intravenous antibiotics was the strongest in the prevention group.Prophylactic use of GSF reduced hospitalization rate and the rate of intravenous application of antibiotics.