Atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) have received significant attention due to their combination of simplicity, low cost, and wide possibilities for surface treatment and modification. In this article, the latest developments in the design and applications of APPJs are reviewed. It is shown that APPJs could be successfully used in materials science and manufacturing for the deposition of coatings, surface modifications, and treatments. In addition, APPJs have found wide application in the biomedical sciences as an effective medical tool. A comprehensive review of research papers published during the past several years is provided to assess the recent application of APPJs.