Since the prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia increases every year,hyperuricemia has close correlation with metabolic syndrome(insulin-resist syndrome),more and more researches focus on the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia.Hyperuricemia may be the consequence of increased uric acid production and/or decreased renal capacity to excrete uric acid.Long-lasting hyperuricemia may cause gout and is associated with hypertension,obesity,diabetes,vascular disease,renal disease and cardiovascular events.In this article,we discuss the recent findings in the pathogenesis of primary hyperuricemia.